Applied physics

The purpose of the Applied Physics course is to teach basic physics and mathematics with simple applications to biomedical problems. The homogeneity of the preparation for all students is to be obtained in view of the specific knowledge required in the continuation of the Degree Course. In particular, the student must acquire knowledge of some basic laws and physical techniques for the understanding of physiological, biological and medical processes and will have to learn basic concepts useful for the correct use of the instrumentation used in the professional field.

Should teaching be carried out in mixed mode or remotely, it may be necessary to introduce changes with respect to previous statements, in line with the programme planned and outlined in the syllabus.

Learning assessment may also be carried out on line, should the conditions require it.

PHYSICS

Physical quantities and their measurement - Physical quantities, units and measurement systems, dimensional equations. Measurement tools. Systematic errors and random errors. Average and standard deviation. Functional relationships and graphical representations. Scalar and vector quantities. Operations between vectors. Recalls of mechanics and notions of Biomechanics - Kinematics. Circular motion and harmonic motion. Amount of motion. Principles of dynamics. Work. Power. Power and efficiency. Moment. Static. Elasticity. Physiological stasis. Bone fractures (generalities). Recalls on fluids and applications in biological systems - Density. Viscosity. Hydrostatic pressure. Static of fluids. Stevino's law. Pascal's principle. Principle of Archimedes. Drip. Transfusion. Withdrawal. Drainage. Dynamics of ideal liquids. Bernoulli's theorem. Aneurysm and stenosis. Real liquids. Poiseuille report. Hydraulic resistance and Reynolds number, Sphygmomanometry. Thermometry and thermoregulation - temperature and heat. Temperature measurement. Thermometric scales. Clinical thermometers. Equivalence principle. Specific heat. Thermal balance. State steps. Heat transmission. Energy balance in the human body. Basal metabolic power. The electric and bioelectric phenomena - charges and electric fields. Capacitance and capacitors. Electric current. Laws of Ohm. Elementary circuits. Joule effect. RC circuits. Pacemaker. Defibrillator. Risks related to the use of electricity. Waves and radiations - Wave phenomena. Period and frequency. Amplitude and energy. Mechanical waves. The sound. Intensity of sound. Sound pressure and decibels. Stethoscope. Ultrasound in medicine. Electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic spectrum. Eye and color vision. Radiation in diagnostics and in therapy. X-ray diagnostics. Radioisotopes and nuclear medicine. Radiotherapy. Biological effects of ionizing radiation. Overview of dosimetry and radioprotection.

FISICA

D. Scannicchio - Fisica Biomedica - EdiSES, Napoli 2013